בית המקדש · Beit HaMikdach

Ulam

The Twelve Steps of the Ulam

מעלות האולם

Ma'alot HaUlam

See it in the tour

Between the floor of the Azara and the threshold of the Ulam, twelve steps. Each rises half an ama; the tread is one ama, but Middot 3:6 inserts landings of three amot and gives the top one four, so that, by Bartenura's reckoning, they occupy nineteen of the twenty-two amot separating the altar from the Ulam; the three amot on the altar side are level paving. This is where the Kohanim go up to stand and bless the people — on the steps, not in the courtyard.

Dimensions

  • twelve steps
  • each step: ½ ama high, 1 ama of tread, except three landings of 3, 3 and 4 amot
  • they occupy 19 of the 22 amot between the Ulam and the Mizbeach

Sources

  • Middot 3:6
  • Tamid 7:2“בָּאוּ וְעָמְדוּ עַל מַעֲלוֹת הָאוּלָם”
  • Middot 5:1
  • Bartenura Middot 3:6“נִמְצְאוּ כָּל הַמַּעֲלוֹת תְּשַׁע עֶשְׂרֵה אַמּוֹת מִן הָרִאשׁוֹנָה עַד הָאוּלָם”

Project decisionAdopted: the first opinion in Middot 3:6, a top landing of four amot. Set aside: R. Yehuda (Middot 3:6), who gives it five; the steps then begin two amot from the altar (Bartenura).